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Commit b7940cf6 authored by agebhard's avatar agebhard
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bugfixes/enhancements from Martin Maechler (thanks :-)

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DESCRIPTION
View file @ b7940cf6
Package: akima
Version: 0.4-4
Version: 0.4-5
Date: 2005-07-21
Title: Interpolation of irregularly spaced data
Author: Fortran code by H. Akima
R port by Albrecht Gebhardt <albrecht.gebhardt@uni-klu.ac.at>
aspline function by Thomas Petzoldt <petzoldt@rcs.urz.tu-dresden.de>
enhancements and corrections by Martin Maechler <maechler@stat.math.ethz.ch>
Maintainer: Albrecht Gebhardt <albrecht.gebhardt@uni-klu.ac.at>
Description: Linear or cubic spline interpolation for irregular gridded data
License: Fortran code: ACM, free for non-commercial use, R functions GPL
R/interp.R
View file @ b7940cf6
"interp"<-function(x, y, z, xo = seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40),
ncp = 0, extrap = FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
interp <-
function(x, y, z,
xo = seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), ncp = 0,
extrap = FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
{
if (ncp==0)
# use the old version for linear interpolation
interp.old(x, y, z, xo, yo, ncp, extrap, duplicate, dupfun)
else
interp.new(x, y, z, xo, yo, ncp, extrap, duplicate, dupfun)
if (ncp == 0)
## use the old version for linear interpolation
interp.old(x, y, z, xo = xo, yo = yo, ncp = ncp,
extrap = extrap, duplicate = duplicate, dupfun = dupfun)
else ## use the new one
interp.new(x, y, z, xo = xo, yo = yo, linear = FALSE,
ncp = NULL,# not using 'ncp' argument
extrap = extrap, duplicate = duplicate, dupfun = dupfun)
}
R/interp.new.R
View file @ b7940cf6
"interp.new"<-function(x, y, z, xo = seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), linear=FALSE,
ncp = NULL, extrap = FALSE, duplicate = "error",
dupfun = NULL)
interp.new <-
function(x, y, z,
xo = seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), linear = FALSE,
ncp = NULL, extrap = FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
{
if(!(all(is.finite(x)) && all(is.finite(y)) && all(is.finite(z))))
stop("missing values and Infs not allowed")
if(!is.null(ncp)){
if(ncp!=0){
if(!is.null(ncp)) {
if(ncp != 0) {
cat("ncp not supported, it is automatically choosen by Fortran code\n")
}
else {
......@@ -14,15 +15,15 @@
stop("use interp.old().")
}
}
if(linear){
cat("linear interpolation not yet implemented with interp.new().\n")
stop("use interp.old().")
if(linear) {
cat("linear interpolation not yet implemented with interp.new().\n")
stop("use interp.old().")
}
drx <- diff(range(x))
dry <- diff(range(y))
if(drx == 0 || dry == 0)
stop("all data collinear") # other cases caught in Fortran code
stop("all data collinear") # other cases caught in Fortran code
if(drx/dry > 10000 || drx/dry < 0.0001)
stop("scales of x and y are too dissimilar")
n <- length(x)
......@@ -30,48 +31,42 @@
ny <- length(yo)
if(length(y) != n || length(z) != n)
stop("Lengths of x, y, and z do not match")
xy <- paste(x, y, sep =",")
i <- match(xy, xy)
if(duplicate=="user" && !is.function(dupfun))
stop("duplicate=\"user\" requires dupfun to be set to a function")
if(duplicate!="error")
{
centre <- function(x) {
xy <- paste(x, y, sep = ",")# trick for 'duplicated' (x,y)-pairs
if(duplicate == "error") {
if(any(duplicated(xy)))
stop("duplicate data points: need to set 'duplicate = ..' ")
}
else { ## duplicate != "error"
i <- match(xy, xy)
if(duplicate == "user")
dupfun <- match.fun(dupfun)#> error if it fails
ord <- !duplicated(xy)
if(duplicate != "strip") {
centre <- function(x)
switch(duplicate,
mean = mean(x),
median = median(x),
user = dupfun(x))
}
if(duplicate!="strip"){
z <- unlist(lapply(split(z,i), centre))
ord <- !duplicated(xy)
x <- x[ord]
y <- y[ord]
n <- length(x)
}
else{
ord <- (hist(i,plot=FALSE,freq=TRUE,breaks=seq(0.5,max(i)+0.5,1))$counts==1)
x <- x[ord]
y <- y[ord]
z <- z[ord]
n <- length(x)
}
z <- unlist(lapply(split(z,i), centre))
} else {
z <- z[ord]
}
else
if(any(duplicated(xy)))
stop("duplicate data points")
x <- x[ord]
y <- y[ord]
n <- length(x)
}
zo <- matrix(0, nx, ny)
storage.mode(zo) <- "double"
miss <- !extrap #if not extrapolating use missing values
extrap <- matrix(TRUE, nx, ny)
if(!is.null(ncp)){
if(extrap & ncp == 0)
warning("Cannot extrapolate with linear option")
}
else {
if(extrap & linear)
miss <- !extrap # if not extrapolating, set missing values
misso <- matrix(TRUE, nx, ny)# hmm, or rather 'miss' ??
if(extrap && if(is.null(ncp)) linear else (ncp == 0))
warning("Cannot extrapolate with linear option")
}
ans <- .Fortran("sdsf3p",
as.integer(1),
as.integer(n),
......@@ -86,13 +81,13 @@
ier = integer(1),
double(36 * n),
integer(25 * n),
extrap = as.logical(extrap),
extrap = as.logical(misso),
near = integer(n),
nxt = integer(n),
dist = double(n),
PACKAGE = "akima")
temp <- ans[c("x", "y", "z", "extrap")]
PACKAGE = "akima")[c("x", "y", "z", "extrap")]
if(miss)
temp$z[temp$extrap]<-NA
temp[c("x", "y", "z")]
ans$z[ans$extrap] <- NA
ans[c("x", "y", "z")]
}
R/interp.old.R
View file @ b7940cf6
"interp.old"<-function(x, y, z, xo = seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40),
ncp = 0, extrap = FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
{
if(!(all(is.finite(x)) && all(is.finite(y)) && all(is.finite(z))))
stop("missing values and Infs not allowed")
if(ncp>25){
if(ncp > 25) {
ncp <- 25
cat("ncp too large, using ncp=25\n")
}
drx <- diff(range(x))
dry <- diff(range(y))
if(drx == 0 || dry == 0)
......@@ -19,36 +20,34 @@
ny <- length(yo)
if(length(y) != n || length(z) != n)
stop("Lengths of x, y, and z do not match")
xy <- paste(x, y, sep =",")
i <- match(xy, xy)
if(duplicate=="user" && !is.function(dupfun))
stop("duplicate=\"user\" requires dupfun to be set to a function")
if(duplicate!="error")
{
centre <- function(x) {
xy <- paste(x, y, sep = ",")# trick for 'duplicated' (x,y)-pairs
if(duplicate == "error") {
if(any(duplicated(xy)))
stop("duplicate data points: need to set 'duplicate = ..' ")
}
else { ## duplicate != "error"
i <- match(xy, xy)
if(duplicate == "user")
dupfun <- match.fun(dupfun)#> error if it fails
ord <- !duplicated(xy)
if(duplicate != "strip") {
centre <- function(x)
switch(duplicate,
mean = mean(x),
median = median(x),
user = dupfun(x))
}
if(duplicate!="strip"){
z <- unlist(lapply(split(z,i), centre))
ord <- !duplicated(xy)
x <- x[ord]
y <- y[ord]
n <- length(x)
}
else{
ord <- (hist(i,plot=FALSE,freq=TRUE,breaks=seq(0.5,max(i)+0.5,1))$counts==1)
x <- x[ord]
y <- y[ord]
z <- z[ord]
n <- length(x)
}
z <- unlist(lapply(split(z,i), centre))
} else {
z <- z[ord]
}
else
if(any(duplicated(xy)))
stop("duplicate data points")
x <- x[ord]
y <- y[ord]
n <- length(x)
}
zo <- matrix(0, nx, ny)
storage.mode(zo) <- "double"
miss <- !extrap #if not extrapolating use missing values
......@@ -70,8 +69,7 @@
integer((31 + ncp) * n + nx * ny),
double(5 * n),
misso = as.logical(misso),
PACKAGE = "akima")
temp <- ans[c("x", "y", "z", "misso")]
temp$z[temp$misso]<-NA
temp[c("x", "y", "z")]
PACKAGE = "akima")[c("x", "y", "z", "misso")]
ans$z[ans$misso] <- NA
ans[c("x", "y", "z")]
}
man/interp.Rd
View file @ b7940cf6
\name{interp}
\title{
Gridded Bivariate Interpolation for Irregular Data
}
\title{Gridded Bivariate Interpolation for Irregular Data}
\alias{interp}
\alias{interp.new}
\alias{interp.old}
\description{
These functions implement bivariate interpolation onto a grid
for irregularly spaced input data. Bilinear or bicubic spline
interpolation is applied using different versions of algorithms from
Akima.
}
\usage{
interp(x, y, z, xo=seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), ncp=0, extrap=FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
interp.old(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), ncp=0, extrap=FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
interp.new(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), linear=FALSE, ncp=NULL, extrap=FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
interp(x, y, z, xo=seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo=seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40),
ncp = 0, extrap=FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
interp.old(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo=seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), ncp = 0,
extrap=FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
interp.new(x, y, z, xo = seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40),
yo = seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40), linear = FALSE,
ncp = NULL, extrap=FALSE, duplicate = "error", dupfun = NULL)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{
......@@ -22,72 +32,62 @@ interp.new(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y),
\item{z}{
vector of z-coordinates of data points.
Missing values are not accepted.
\code{x}, \code{y}, and \code{z} must be the same length and may contain no fewer
than four points. The points of \code{x} and \code{y}
cannot be collinear, i.e, they cannot fall on the same line (two vectors
\code{x} and \code{y} such that \code{y = ax + b} for some \code{a}, \code{b} will not be
accepted). \code{interp} is meant for cases in which you have \code{x}, \code{y}
values scattered over a plane and a \code{z} value for each. If, instead,
you are trying to evaluate a mathematical function, or get a graphical
interpretation of relationships that can be described by a polynomial,
try \code{outer()}.
\code{x}, \code{y}, and \code{z} must be the same length and may
contain no fewer than four points. The points of \code{x} and
\code{y} cannot be collinear, i.e, they cannot fall on the same line
(two vectors \code{x} and \code{y} such that \code{y = ax + b} for
some \code{a}, \code{b} will not be accepted). \code{interp} is
meant for cases in which you have \code{x}, \code{y} values
scattered over a plane and a \code{z} value for each. If, instead,
you are trying to evaluate a mathematical function, or get a
graphical interpretation of relationships that can be described by a
polynomial, try \code{outer()}.
}
\item{xo}{
vector of x-coordinates of output grid. The default is 40 points
evenly spaced over the range of \code{x}. If extrapolation is not being
used (\code{extrap=FALSE}, the default), \code{xo} should have a range that is
close to or inside of the range of \code{x} for the results to be meaningful.
}
\item{yo}{
vector of y-coordinates of output grid. The default is 40 points
evenly spaced over the range of \code{y}. If extrapolation is not being
used (\code{extrap=FALSE}, the default), \code{yo} should have a range that is
close to or inside of the range of \code{y} for the results to be meaningful.
used (\code{extrap=FALSE}, the default), \code{xo} should have a
range that is close to or inside of the range of \code{x} for the
results to be meaningful.
}
\item{linear}{logical, switch to linear interpolation in \code{interp.new}}
\item{yo}{vector of y-coordinates of output grid; analogous to
\code{xo}, see above.}
\item{linear}{logical, switch to linear interpolation in \code{interp.new}.}
\item{ncp}{
number of additional points to be used in computing partial
derivatives at each data point.
derivatives at each data point.
\code{ncp} must be either \code{0} (partial derivatives are not used), or at
least 2 but smaller than the number of data points (and smaller than
25). This option is only supported by \code{interp.old}.
}
\item{extrap}{
logical flag: should extrapolation be used outside of the
convex hull determined by the data points?
}
\item{duplicate}{
indicates how to handle duplicate data points. Possible values are
\code{"error"} - produces an error message, \code{"strip"} - remove
duplicate z values, \code{"mean"},\code{"median"},\code{"user"} -
calculate mean , median or user defined function of duplicate z
values.}
\item{dupfun}{this function is applied to duplicate points if \code{duplicate="user"}
}
convex hull determined by the data points?}
\item{duplicate}{character string indicating how to handle duplicate
data points. Possible values are
\describe{
\item{\code{"error"}}{produces an error message,}
\item{\code{"strip"}}{remove duplicate z values,}
\item{ \code{"mean"},\code{"median"},\code{"user"}}{calculate
mean , median or user defined function (\code{dupfun}) of duplicate
z values.}
}}
\item{dupfun}{a function, applied to duplicate points if
\code{duplicate= "user"}.}
}
\value{
list with 3 components:
\item{x}{
vector of x-coordinates of output grid, the same as the input
argument \code{xo}, if present. Otherwise, a vector 40 points evenly spaced
over the range of the input \code{x}.
}
\item{y}{
vector of y-coordinates of output grid, the same as the input
argument \code{yo}, if present. Otherwise, a vector 40 points evenly spaced
over the range of the input \code{x}.
}
\item{x,y}{
vectors of x- and y- coordinates of output grid, the same as the input
argument \code{xo}, or \code{yo}, if present. Otherwise, their
default, a vector 40 points evenly spaced over the range of the
input \code{x}.}
\item{z}{
matrix of fitted z-values. The value \code{z[i,j]} is computed
at the x,y point \code{x[i], y[j]}. \code{z} has
dimensions \code{length(x)} times \code{length(y)} (\code{length(xo)} times \code{length(yo)}).
}}
at the x,y point \code{xo[i], yo[j]}. \code{z} has
dimensions \code{length(xo)} times \code{length(yo)}.}
}
\note{
\code{interp} is a wrapper for the two versions \code{interp.old} (it
uses (almost) the same Fortran code from Akima 1978 as the S-Plus version) and
......@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ interp.new(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y),
(it is based on new Fortran code from Akima 1996). For linear
interpolation the old version is choosen, but spline interpolation is
done by the new version.
At the moment \code{interp.new} ignores \code{ncp} and does only
bicubic spline interpolation.
......@@ -103,18 +103,17 @@ interp.new(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y),
functions \code{contour} and \code{image}. Check the requirements of
these functions when choosing values for \code{xo} and \code{yo}.
}
\description{
\details{
If \code{ncp} is zero, linear
interpolation is used in the triangles bounded by data points.
interpolation is used in the triangles bounded by data points.
Cubic interpolation is done if partial derivatives are used.
If \code{extrap} is \code{FALSE}, z-values for points outside the
convex hull are returned as \code{NA}.
convex hull are returned as \code{NA}.
No extrapolation can be performed if \code{ncp} is zero.
The \code{interp} function handles duplicate \code{(x,y)} points
The \code{interp} function handles duplicate \code{(x,y)} points
in different ways. As default it will stop with an error message. But
it can give duplicate points an unique \code{z} value according to the
it can give duplicate points an unique \code{z} value according to the
parameter \code{duplicate} (\code{mean},\code{median} or any other
user defined function).
......@@ -137,50 +136,75 @@ interp.new(x, y, z, xo= seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40), yo=seq(min(y), max(y),
}
\seealso{
\code{\link[base]{contour}}, \code{\link[base]{image}}, \code{\link[base]{approx}}, \code{\link[base]{spline}}, \code{\link[base]{outer}}, \code{\link[base]{expand.grid}}.
\code{\link{contour}}, \code{\link{image}},
\code{\link{approx}}, \code{\link{spline}},
\code{\link{outer}}, \code{\link{expand.grid}}.
}
\examples{
data(akima)
# linear interpolation
plot(y ~ x, data = akima, main = "akima example data")
with(akima, text(x, y, formatC(z,dig=2), adj = -0.1))
## linear interpolation
akima.li <- interp(akima$x, akima$y, akima$z)
image(akima.li$x,akima.li$y,akima.li$z)
contour(akima.li$x,akima.li$y,akima.li$z,add=TRUE)
points(akima$x,akima$y)
# increase smoothness
akima.smooth <- interp(akima$x, akima$y, akima$z,
xo=seq(0,25, length=100), yo=seq(0,20, length=100))
image(akima.smooth$x,akima.smooth$y,akima.smooth$z)
contour(akima.smooth$x,akima.smooth$y,akima.smooth$z,add=TRUE)
points(akima$x,akima$y)
# use triangulation library to
# show underlying triangulation:
image (akima.li, add=TRUE)
contour(akima.li, add=TRUE)
points (akima, pch = 3)
## increase smoothness (using finer grid):
akima.smooth <-
with(akima, interp(x, y, z, xo=seq(0,25, length=100),
yo=seq(0,20, length=100)))
image (akima.smooth)
contour(akima.smooth, add=TRUE)
points(akima, pch = 3, cex = 2, col = "blue")
# use triangulation package to show underlying triangulation:
if(library(tripack, logical.return=TRUE))
plot(tri.mesh(akima),add=TRUE,lty="dashed")
plot(tri.mesh(akima), add=TRUE, lty="dashed")
# use only 15 points (interpolation only within convex hull!)
akima.part <- interp(akima$x[1:15],akima$y[1:15],akima$z[1:15])
image(akima.part$x,akima.part$y,akima.part$z)
contour(akima.part$x,akima.part$y,akima.part$z,add=TRUE)
akima.part <- with(akima, interp(x[1:15], y[1:15], z[1:15]))
image (akima.part)
contour(akima.part, add=TRUE)
points(akima$x[1:15],akima$y[1:15])
# spline interpolation, use 5 points to calculate derivatives
# interp gives `linear interpolation not yet implemented with interp.new()'
akima.spl <- interp.old(akima$x, akima$y, akima$z,
xo=seq(0,25, length=100), yo=seq(0,20, length=100),ncp=5)
image(akima.spl$x,akima.spl$y,akima.spl$z)
contour(akima.spl$x,akima.spl$y,akima.spl$z,add=TRUE)
points(akima$x,akima$y)
## spline interpolation
## --------------------
## "Old": use 5 points to calculate derivatives -> many NAs
akima.sO <- interp.old(akima$x, akima$y, akima$z,
xo=seq(0,25, length=100), yo=seq(0,20, length=100), ncp=5)
table(is.na(akima.sO$z)) ## 3990 NA's; = 40 \%
akima.sO <- with(akima,
interp.old(x,y,z, xo=seq(0,25, length=100), yo=seq(0,20, len=100), ncp = 4))
sum(is.na(akima.sO$z)) ## still 3429
image (akima.sO) # almost useless
contour(akima.sO, add = TRUE)
## "New:"
akima.spl <- with(akima, interp.new(x,y,z, xo=seq(0,25, length=100),
yo=seq(0,20, length=100)))
contour(akima.spl) ; points(akima)
full.pal <- function(n) hcl(h = seq(340, 20, length = n))
cool.pal <- function(n) hcl(h = seq(120, 0, length = n) + 150)
warm.pal <- function(n) hcl(h = seq(120, 0, length = n) - 30)
filled.contour(akima.spl, color.palette = full.pal,
plot.axes = { axis(1); axis(2);
points(akima, pch = 3, col= hcl(c=100, l = 20))})
# no extrapolation!
## example with duplicate points :
# example with duplicate points
data(airquality)
air <- airquality[(!is.na(airquality$Temp) &
!is.na(airquality$Ozone) &
!is.na(airquality$Solar.R)),]
# gives an error:
\dontrun{air.ip <- interp(air$Temp,air$Solar.R,air$Ozone)}
air <- subset(airquality,
!is.na(Temp) & !is.na(Ozone) & !is.na(Solar.R))
# gives an error {duplicate ..}:
try( air.ip <- interp.new(air$Temp,air$Solar.R,air$Ozone) )
# use mean of duplicate points:
air.ip <- interp(air$Temp,air$Solar.R,air$Ozone,duplicate="mean")
air.ip <- with(air, interp.new(Temp, Solar.R, log(Ozone), duplicate = "mean"))
image(air.ip, main = "Airquality: Ozone vs. Temp and Solar.R")
with(air, points(Temp, Solar.R))
}
\keyword{dplot}
% Converted by Sd2Rd version 0.2-a3.
orig/akima.bib
View file @ b7940cf6
<HTML>
<TITLE>TOMS : Bibliographic record for "Akima:1996:ASS" </TITLE>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#fffaf0">
<H1><A HREF="/toms/"><img align=bottom src="/toms/toms.gif"></A>
Bibliographic record for "Akima:1996:ASS"</H1>
<P></P><HR><P></P>
<PRE>
@Article{Akima:1996:ASS,
author = "Hiroshi Akima",
title = "Algorithm 761: scattered-data surface fitting that has
......@@ -30,8 +23,3 @@ Bibliographic record for "Akima:1996:ASS"</H1>
G.4}: Mathematics of Computing, MATHEMATICAL
SOFTWARE.",
}
</PRE>
<P></P><HR><P></P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
src/idptip.f
View file @ b7940cf6
......@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
1 ZII,MISSII)
C THIS SUBROUTINE PERFORMS PUNCTUAL INTERPOLATION OR EXTRAPOLA-
C TION, I.E., DETERMINES THE Z VALUE AT A POINT.
C THE INPUT PARAMETERS ARE
C XD,YD,ZD = ARRAYS OF DIMENSION NDP CONTAINING THE X,
C Y, AND Z COORDINATES OF THE DATA POINTS, WHERE
......@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@ C THE POINT FOR WHICH INTERPOLATION IS TO BE
C PERFORMED,
C XII,YII = X AND Y COORDINATES OF THE POINT FOR WHICH
C INTERPOLATION IS TO BE PERFORMED.
C THE OUTPUT PARAMETER IS
C ZII = INTERPOLATED Z VALUE.
C THE OUTPUT PARAMETERs are
C ZII = INTERPOLATED Z VALUE.
C MISSII = LOCIGAL INDICATING MISSING VALUE
C DECLARATION STATEMENTS
IMPLICIT DOUBLE PRECISION (A-D,P-Z)
LOGICAL MISSII
......@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@ C DECLARATION STATEMENTS
1 ZU(3),ZV(3),ZUU(3),ZUV(3),ZVV(3)
DOUBLE PRECISION LU,LV
EQUIVALENCE (P5,P50)
C PRELIMINARY PROCESSING
10 IT0=ITI
NTL=NT+NL
......@@ -170,6 +174,7 @@ C EVALUATES THE POLYNOMIAL.
ZII=P0+U*(P1+U*(P2+U*(P3+U*(P4+U*P5))))
MISSII=.FALSE.
RETURN
C CALCULATION OF ZII BY EXTRAPOLATION IN THE RECTANGLE.
C CHECKS IF THE NECESSARY COEFFICIENTS HAVE BEEN CALCULATED.
40 IF(IT0.EQ.ITPV) GO TO 50
......
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